View source for BGPCTL - Base Documentation

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== Basic Syntax ==

The general syntax of the `bgpctl` command is:

 <nowiki>
bgpctl [options] command [command-options]</nowiki>

Where:
* `[options]` are optional flags for configuring how the command is executed.
* `command` is the BGP operation you want to execute (e.g., `show`, `clear`).
* `[command-options]` are specific options related to the command being executed.

== Available Commands ==

=== show ===

The `show` command displays various information about the BGP daemon, including its state, routing information, and neighbor status.

* Show BGP session state:

 <nowiki>
bgpctl show sessions</nowiki>

This command will display the status of all BGP sessions (e.g., established, idle, active).

* Show BGP routes:

 <nowiki>
bgpctl show routes</nowiki>

Displays the BGP routing table, showing all advertised routes along with their next-hop information.

* Show BGP neighbors:

 <nowiki>
bgpctl show neighbors</nowiki>

Displays information about the current BGP peers, including their IP address, state, and any active prefixes.

* Show BGP summary:

 <nowiki>
bgpctl show summary</nowiki>

Shows a summary of the BGP daemon status, including the number of routes, the number of peers, and other statistics.

=== clear ===

The `clear` command is used to clear BGP sessions or routes.

* Clear BGP session:

 <nowiki>
bgpctl clear session <peer-ip></nowiki>

Clears the BGP session with a specific peer. This is useful for resetting the BGP connection or for troubleshooting purposes.

* Clear all BGP sessions:

 <nowiki>
bgpctl clear sessions</nowiki>

This command resets all active BGP sessions. Use this cautiously as it can disrupt routing in the network.

* Clear BGP routes:

 <nowiki>
bgpctl clear routes</nowiki>

This command clears all the BGP routes, forcing the BGP daemon to re-learn the routes from its peers.

=== monitor ===

The `monitor` command allows the user to continuously monitor the state of BGP sessions or routes in real-time.

* Monitor BGP sessions:

 <nowiki>
bgpctl monitor sessions</nowiki>

This will continuously display the status of the BGP sessions, updating in real-time whenever there is a change in session state.

* Monitor BGP routes:

 <nowiki>
bgpctl monitor routes</nowiki>

Monitors the BGP routing table for changes, providing real-time updates as routes are added or removed.

=== debug ===

The `debug` command provides diagnostic information about the internal workings of the BGP daemon. It is used primarily for troubleshooting.

* Enable debug for BGP sessions:

 <nowiki>
bgpctl debug sessions</nowiki>

Enables debugging output related to BGP sessions. This will show verbose information about session establishment, maintenance, and teardown.

* Enable debug for BGP routes:

 <nowiki>
bgpctl debug routes</nowiki>

Enables debugging for BGP route updates, helping to track the flow of routes through the BGP process.

=== reload ===

The `reload` command is used to reload the BGP daemon's configuration. It is typically used when changes are made to the configuration files.

 <nowiki>
bgpctl reload</nowiki>

This will reload the BGP configuration, reinitializing the BGP process without needing to restart the entire service.

== Configuration Management ==

BGP configuration is typically handled via the BGP daemon's configuration file (e.g., `/etc/bgpd.conf` in OpenBGPD or `/etc/frr/frr.conf` in FRRouting). Configuration changes can be applied dynamically via `bgpctl reload` after modifying the configuration file.

=== Adding a new BGP neighbor ===

To add a new BGP neighbor, you would edit the configuration file and add the following:

 <nowiki>
neighbor 192.168.1.2 {
    remote-as 65001;
    description "New Peer";
}</nowiki>

Then, reload the configuration:

 <nowiki>
bgpctl reload</nowiki>

=== Changing BGP parameters ===

You can modify the BGP parameters directly in the configuration file. For example, to change the BGP hold time:

 <nowiki>
bgp hold-time 90</nowiki>

After making the necessary changes, apply them by reloading the BGP configuration:

 <nowiki>
bgpctl reload</nowiki>

== Advanced Usage Examples ==

=== Viewing and Filtering Routes by Prefix ===

You can filter routes by prefix to see only the routes relevant to a specific network.

 <nowiki>
bgpctl show routes | grep 10.0.0.0</nowiki>

This will display all routes that belong to the 10.0.0.0/8 network.

=== Tracing BGP Routes ===

To trace the path of a specific BGP route, use the following command:

 <nowiki>
bgpctl show route 192.168.0.0/24</nowiki>

This will show you the BGP path information for the specified network.

=== Using bgpctl in Scripts ===

`bgpctl` can be used in scripts to automate BGP management. For example, to clear a session based on an argument passed to the script:

 <nowiki>
#!/bin/bash
# clear-bgp-session.sh
bgpctl clear session $1</nowiki>

Make the script executable:

 <nowiki>
chmod +x clear-bgp-session.sh</nowiki>

Now, you can clear a session by running:

 <nowiki>
./clear-bgp-session.sh 192.168.1.2</nowiki>

== Useful Links ==

* [OpenBGPD Homepage](https://www.openbsd.org/bgpd.html)
* [FRRouting Project](https://frrouting.org/)
* [BGP Wikipedia Article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_Gateway_Protocol)
* [Linux Networking Documentation](https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/networking/)
* [BGP Reference Manual - RFC 4271](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4271)

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